Обучение английской грамматике путём использования пословиц и идиом

Обучение грамматике путём использования

пословиц и идиом

Накопленный опыт преподавания английского языка доказывает, что эффективное усвоение конкретного грамматического материала далеко не в последнюю очередь обуславливается и характером иллюстративного материала, его содержанием и тем, насколько он запоминающийся. Таким материалом, как показывает практика, во многих случаях могут стать английские пословицы, поговорки, идиомы и выражения. Именно этот языковый пласт, как правило, используется недостаточно, потому, что сами по себе пословицы и поговорки включаются в изучение лексики и фразеологии языка в целом.

Содержание пословиц и поговорок неисчерпаемо. В них отражается вся многогранность жизни, обычаев народа, его история, мировоззрение. Всё это в значительной степени обуславливает выбор пословиц в качестве как лексических, так и грамматически упражнений, а именно во время изучения важных и сложных отделов английской морфологии, основных форм и категорий – времени, залога, способа – английского глагола, модальных глаголов, неличных форм глагола.

1. Give Russian equivalents of the following proverbs.

The Passive Voice

1) Success is never blamed.

2) A man is known by the company he keeps.

3) Rome was not built in a day.

1. Fill in the blanks of the following proverbs with the appropriate verb form

The devil is not so black as he…( to paint).

Lost time… never…again(to find).

He who was born a fool never (to cure).

1. Correct the mistakes in the verb forms. Give Russian equivalents of the proverbs.

The Present Simple Tense

1. The exception prove the rule(proves),

2. All are well that ends well (is).

3. The dogs barks, but the caravan go on (bark, go).

1. Express the idea of the following by using appropriate proverbs and sayings.

The Imperative Mood

Do not wait until tomorrow ,for rain may ruin the harvest.

Eating should not be the purpose of life. We should, on the contrary, eat just enough to lead a useful life.

Experience is a good teacher. The longer we live, the more we learn.

Make hay while the sun shines.

Live not to eat, but eat to live.

Live and learn.

1. Match parts of the proverbs.

The Present Simple Tense

1) He laughs best a) who laughs last.

2) Score twice before b) you cut ones.

3) Everything comes to him c) who waits.

The Past Simple Tense.

1. He who never climbed a) killed a cat.

2. He who pleased everybody b) died before he was born.

3. Curiosity c) never fell.

1. Match English proverbs with their Russian equivalents.

The Continuous Tenses

Don’t cut the bough you are standing on.

He that has a long nose thinks everybody is speaking of it.

One’s left hand does not know what one’s right hand is doing.

Левая рука не знает, что делает правая.

Не руби ветку, на которой сидишь.

На воре шапка горит.

The Perfect Tenses

1) Don’t sell the bear’s skin before you’ve caught it.

2) When children stand quiet they have done something ill.

3) We know not what is good until we haRussianve lost it,

a) Не говори «гоп» пока не перепрыгнешь.

b)Что имеем – не храним, потеряем плачем

с) Дети потому тихие, что сделали шкоду.

7. Choose the appropriative non- finite form to complete the following proverbs and sayings.

1) All truth are not …

a) to tell b) to be told c) telling

2) There’s no use… over spilt milk.

a) to cry b) cried c) crying

3) Money … on the brain is never… in vain.

a) spent b)spending c) to spend

8. Define the form of the infinitive . Give Russian equivalents.

The Infinitive

1) Children should be seen but not heard.

2) It is love that makes the world go round.

3) Be slow to promise and quick to perform.

9. Define the syntactic function of the gerund .

1) Fasting comes after feasting.

2) A clean hands needs no washing.

3) It is good fishing in troubled water.

10. Point out the gerund and the verbal noun .

The Gerund and the Verbal Noun

1. In every beginning think of the end .

2. A little learning is a dangerous thing.

3. Appetite comes with eating.

11 .Point out Participle I and Participle II.

The Participle

1. Let sleeping dog alone.

2. Rats deserts a sinking ship.

3. A fault confessed is half redressed.

12. Insert in the blanks the present or past participle of the verbs given in the brackets.

The Participle I/II

1. … dogs seldom bites(to bark).

2. A child…dreads the fire (to burn).

3) No… man all things can do( to live).

13. Define the type of the complex used in the following proverbs and idioms.

Complexes with Non-finite Forms of the Verbs

1. If you want a thing well done, do it yourself.

2. You can take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink.

3. If you agree to carry the calf, they’ll make you carry a cow.

4. To feel one’s ears burning.

5. Let sleeping dog lie.

6. To make both ends meet.

7. Each bird likes to hear himself sing.

8. To make the cup run over.

9. Wait to the cat to jump.

14. Comment on the use of the modal verbs in the following proverbs.

The Modal Verbs

1. Those who live in glass house should not throw stones.

2. A bird may be known by its song.

3. If we can’t as we would, we must do as we can.

4. All truth are not to be told.

5. He should have a long spoon that sups with a devil.

6. If wishes were horses, beggars might ride.

7. If you cannot have the best, make the best of what you have.

8. Never write what you dare not sign.

9. None so deaf as those that won’t hear.

10)What can’t be cured must be endured.

15. Put the words in the correct order to get the proverbs Discuss them in groups.

Modal Verbs/Word Order.

1) Fools/not/edged/and/play/must/children/with/tools.

2) Face/a/hide/fair/hear/a/may/foul.

3)Than/a/can/more/no/man/can/he/do.

a) Children and fools must not play with edged tools.

в)A fair face may hide a foul heart/

c) A man can do no more than he can/

16. Find the proverbs with synonymous meaning in the following list.

The Synonyms

1. Don’t sell the bear’s skin before you have caught it.

2. Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.

3. Slow but sure.

4. As you sow ,so you shall you reap.

5. Never fry fish till it’s caught.

6. If you want a thing well done do it yourself.

7. As you brew, so must you drink

8. Make haste slowly.

9. Self done is soon done.

10. Let sleeping dog lie.

17. Define the group of pronouns in the following proverbs.

The Groups of the Pronouns

1. One never loses anything by politeness.

2. Choose your friends as your books, few but choice.

3. All is well that ends well.

4. To pull the chests out of the fire for somebody.

5. Saying is one thing and doing another.

6. If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.

7. Everything is good in its season.

8. Jack of all trades and master of none.

9. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.

10. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing

18. Put the adjectives or adverbs given in brackets

in the appropriate degree of comparison.

Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs.

1. He laughs (well) who laughs (last).

2. Whom we love (well), to them we can say (little).

3. Who knows (many)says(little).

4. The (many) you live ,the (many) you see ,the (many )you see, the (many) you know.

5. (Easy ) said than done.

6. (Many ) haste, (little ) speed.

7. (Busy) man finds (much) leisure.

8. (Further) way about is (near) way home.

9. The remedy is (bad) than the disease.

19. Put the nouns in plural where necessary.

The Nouns

1. So many (country), so many (custom)

2. Never do (thing) by (half).

3. So many ( man) , so many (mind).

4. A (cat) in glove саtches no (mouse).

5. A tree is known by its (fruit).

Пословицы и идиомы — неисчерпаемый источник для отработки грамматического материала.

Приведённые выше образцы заданий могут быть использованы для овладения различными грамматическими явлениями

25