Разработка урока по теме «Can wars be justified?» для 9 класса

Урок по теме «Can wars be justified?» для 9 класса Используемые технологии на уроке: - проблемная Разработанный урок по теме «Can wars be justified?» предназначен для постановки перед учениками непростого проблемного вопроса – могут ли войны быть оправданными? В результате ученики приходят к такому выводу: война не может быть оправданна, однако если нападают на наше отечество, мы обязаны его защитить. В таком случае ответ на вопрос урока является положительным. Ученикам предложено разобраться с самим определением «война», вспомнить мировую историю, познакомиться с высказываниями известных людей о войне. В качестве подготовки к уроку ученикам необходимо прочитать текст – историю знаменитой американской базы Перл Харбор, о страшных последствиях, вызванные не защитой своего отчества, а циничным расчетом. Цели (задачи) урока: Воспитательные: - формировать чувство ответственности за все свои поступки; - развивать чувство любви и уважения к своей стране; - развивать чувство уважения к другим странам. Развивающие: - расширение кругозора учащихся; - развитие языковой догадки; - развитие интереса к языку; - социокультурное развитие. Образовательные: - познакомиться с рядом военных исторических событий; - развивать умение использовать новые для учеников лексические единицы в речи; - побуждать учеников к общению на иностранном языке (решение коммуникативной задачи); - развивать умение анализировать, обобщать имеющийся материал на иностранном языке. Используемые технологии: - проблемная Тип урока: - комбинированный

Ход урока.

1. Организационный момент, определение темы урока.

Hello, my dear students! Today we’ll talk about wars: what war is, why wars begin, whether it’s possible to prevent wars and how, whether the existence of wars is justified.

2. Речевая разминка.

First of all I’d like to ask you: how do you understand the word “war”? What is war in your opinion? How do you think – is existence of war justified? Why do you think so?

3. Формирование навыков чтения.

Let’s read a small text by Harry Browne, who was an American free-market Libertarian writer and the Libertarian Party's 1996 & 2000 candidate for President of the United States. It’s interesting to know his thoughts about war, notably what the war is, in his opinion.

What is war?

by Harry Browne

The politicians' stirring phrases are meant to keep our eyes averted from the reality of war - to make us imagine heroic young men marching in parades, winning glorious battles, and bringing peace and democracy to the world.

But war is something quite different from that.

It is your children or your grandchildren dying before they're even fully adults, or being maimed or mentally scarred for life. It is your brothers and sisters being taught to kill other people - and to hate people who are just like themselves and who don't want to kill anyone either.

It is hundreds of thousands of human beings dying years before their time. It is millions of people separated forever from the ones they loved.

It is the destruction of homes for which people worked for decades. It is the end of careers that meant as much to others as your career means to you.

It is the imposition of slavery by forcing young men to serve in the military.

War is genocide, torture, cruelty, propaganda, dishonesty, and slavery.

War is the worst obscenity government can inflict upon its subjects. It makes every other political crime - corruption, bribery, favoritism, vote-buying, graft, dishonesty - seem petty.

Vocabulary:

stirring – побуждение, стимул, толчок

avert - отводить

maimed – изувеченный, искалеченный

mentally scarred for life – «умственный»отпечаток на всю жизнь

imposition of slavery – введение рабства

military – вооруженные силы, войска

torture – пытка, мучение

obscenity – непристойный, циничный

inflict – налагать (наказание)

corruption – порча, гниение. распад

bribery - взяточничество

graft – взятка, подкуп

petty – мелкий, незначительный

Questions:

Tell a few words about the text. Can you agree with Mr. Harry Browne? Are there some statements you don’t agree with? Why?

Read Harry Browne’s statements about war. How does he characterize it?

Could you find in the text positive adverbs? Negative adverbs? Enumerate them.

Find nouns in the text characterizing war.

To summarize we can say that Harry Browne’s statements about war are only negative and it’s absolutely consonant with our statements.

4. Формирование лексических навыков.

Now could you look through the phrases below and categorize each item as "War," "Warlike," or "Neither". Please explain why you think so:

War against Drugs

Pugachev’s riot in 1773-1775

Russian Civil war 1917-1922/1923

The bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City

Attack on World Trade Center and the Pentagon, 2001

Vietnam War

Urban street violence

Burst in Moscow subway on 29 March 2010

Democratic Revolution in Russia in 1991

The Cold War

Assassination of a state leader

Armed conflict in Libya

Revolution

The conflict among members of family

Manifestation

5. Формирование навыка языковой догадки.

Good job! Thank you. Now let’s speak about war prevention? Is it possible or not? Prove your point of view.

Thank you. Now let’s pay attention at some expressions of famous people about the prevention of war. Some words are omitted. Let’s rebuild phrases and make up the whole expressions. Let’s read the real expressions.

1.(truth, hate, murderer, liar, murder, hater)

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't murder ………..

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't establish ………..

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't murder ………..

Darkness cannot put out darkness. 

Only light can do that.

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
American Civil Rights Leader

2. (work, believe, peace, believe)

For it isn't enough to talk about ……. 
One must ……. in it. 
And it isn't enough to ……. in it. 
One must ……. at it.” 

 Eleanor Roosevelt
 American First Lady

3. (order, nation, beauty, person, harmony, soul, house)

If there is light in the …….,
there will be ……. in the person.
If there is beauty in the …….,
there will be ……. in the house.
If there is harmony in the …….,
there will be ……. in the nation.
If there is order in the …….,
there will be peace in the world.

Chinese Proverb

4. (prepare, war, prevent)

You cannot ……. and ……. for ……. at the same time. 

Albert Einstein

1.(truth, hate, murderer, liar, murder, hater)

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't murder ………..

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't establish ………..

Through violence you may murder a ……., 
but you can't murder ………..

Darkness cannot put out darkness. 

Only light can do that.

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
American Civil Rights Leader

2. (work, believe, peace, believe)

For it isn't enough to talk about ……. 
One must ……. in it. 
And it isn't enough to ……. in it. 
One must ……. at it.” 

 Eleanor Roosevelt
 American First Lady

3. (order, nation, beauty, person, harmony, soul, house)

If there is light in the …….,
there will be ……. in the person.
If there is beauty in the …….,
there will be ……. in the house.
If there is harmony in the …….,
there will be ……. in the nation.
If there is order in the …….,
there will be peace in the world.

Chinese Proverb

4. (prepare, war, prevent)

You cannot ……. and ……. for ……. at the same time. 

Albert Einstein

Key:

Through violence you may murder a murderer, 
but you can't murder murder.

Through violence you may murder a liar, 
but you can't establish truth.

Through violence you may murder a hater, 
but you can't murder hate.

Darkness cannot put out darkness. 

Only light can do that…

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
American Civil Rights Leader

For it isn't enough to talk about peace. 
One must believe in it. 
And it isn't enough to believe in it. 
One must work at it.” 

 Eleanor Roosevelt
 American First Lady

If there is light in the soul,
there will be beauty in the person.
If there is beauty in the person,
there will be harmony in the house.
If there is harmony in the house,
there will be order in the nation.
If there is order in the nation,
there will be peace in the world.

~ Chinese Proverb ~

You cannot prevent and prepare for war at the same time.  ~Albert Einstein

6. Формирование навыков говорения на основе прочитанного текста.

It’s time to discuss the text you’ve read at home – “Pearl Harbor”. Who can tell us in short what you read?  

Now I’d like to discuss with you another issue and listen to your opinions. You will make small reports in pairs.

Now let’s discuss this situation.

• How do you think is somebody right in this situation?

• How could you characterize the actions of Japan in relation to the U.S.?

• How could you characterize the actions of the U.S. in relation to Japan?

• Can you say that the USA prevented itself from Japan? Was it justified in this situation?

Let’s listen to your reports.

7. Подведение итогов урока, домашнее задание.

Well, I suppose we’re going to finish. In conclusion we can point that war is the most horrible thing created in the world. Most of people are against war, death and destructions. We see that those who are for war do not understand or do not want to understand that war has an awful face. We are convinced that wars are not justified, but in case of attacks we’re obliged to be protected and protect our country from enemies.

Once more I’d like to thank you for your interesting points of view. I hope you discovered many interesting things for yourself. See you.

Pearl Harbor   is a lagoon harbor on the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands is a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the U.S. Pacific Fleet.

The attack on Pearl Harbor  by Japan was a surprise military strike against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan). All naval base of Pearl Harbor was destroyed.

The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to the American entry into World War II. The following day (December 8) the United States declared war on Japan.

During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, the first on August 6, 1945 and the second on August 9, 1945. These two events are the only active usage of nuclear weapons in war. Within the first two to four months of the bombings, the acute effects killed 90,000–166,000 people in Hiroshima and 60,000–80,000 in Nagasaki, with roughly half of the deaths in each city occurring on the first day. The Hiroshima prefectural health department estimates that, of the people who died on the day of the explosion, 60% died from flash or flame burns, 30% from falling debris and 10% from other causes. During the following months, large numbers died from the effect of burns, radiation sickness, and other injuries, compounded by illness.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_Harbor

USS Arizona (BB-39) sinking during Japanese attack

Atomic bomb mushroom clouds over Hiroshima (left) and Nagasaki (right)

The dark portions of the garments this victim wore during the flash caused burns on their skin.